Random Access Memory ( RAM )
Random-access
memory (RAM) is a form of computer data storage. A random-access memory device
allows data items to be accessed (read or written) in almost the same amount of
time irrespective of the physical location of data inside the memory. In contrast,
with other direct-access data storage media such as hard disks, CD-RWs, DVD-RWs
and the older drum memory, the time required to read and write data items
varies significantly depending on their physical locations on the recording
medium, due to mechanical limitations such as media rotation speeds and arm
movement.
RAM
contains multiplexing and demultiplexing circuitry to connect the data lines to
the addressed storage for reading or writing the entry. Usually more than one
bit of storage is accessed by the same address, and RAM devices often have
multiple data lines and are said to be '8-bit' or '16-bit' etc. devices.
In today's technology, random-access memory takes the form of integrated
circuits. RAM is normally associated with volatile types of memory (such as
DRAM memory modules), where stored information is lost if power is removed,
although many efforts have been made to develop non-volatile RAM chips. Other
types of non-volatile memories exist that allow random access for read
operations, but either do not allow write operations or have other kinds of
limitations on them. These include most types of ROM and a type of flash memory
called NOR-Flash.
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